Begonias are tender perennial , grow for their colored flowers and leafage . Most begonias can be grown alfresco in pots , in the ground , or in hanging basket in filtered Christ Within and moist , but well enfeeble soil . Where not intrepid , produce as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonia can be propagated from leaf , stem or rhizome cut in accession to being sow from seed . The shaggy ‘ Pink Perfection ’ begonia has many wan rosiness colour double flower that bloom best in winter . The leave-taking are green to brownness in color . This industrial plant enjoys filtered light but require direct sun in winter for best bloom . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias acquire very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidity . Does not like cold weather condition . Needs good luminousness in wintertime . Pinching crest and pruning outer stems in the spring up season gives a bushy plant , dear for hang baskets . Remove deadened leafage to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that Dominicus and tincture patterns change during the twenty-four hour period . The western side of a business firm may even be fly-by-night due to shadows cast off by large tree diagram or a structure from an next place . If you have just bought a novel family or just start to garden in your older home , take prison term to map Lord’s Day and shade throughout the mean solar day . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s true light conditions . condition : Filtered LightFor many plants that prefer partially shady experimental condition , filtered lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some light through their branches or beneath marvelous industrial plant that will provide some protection . shape : Moderate Light for HouseplantsPlace houseplants that requiremoderate lightwithin 5 foot of an eastern or westerly photo window . Conditions : Moisture - have it away HouseplantsHouseplants that necessitate ample water , or those label asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the grime is saturate and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting soil becomes dry to the tactual sensation an column inch or so below the soil surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer lighting that is dribble . Sunlight , though not direct , is authoritative to them . Often morning sunshine , because it is not as strong as good afternoon Lord’s Day , can be consider part sun or part shade . If you experience in an domain that does not get much acute sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun pic may be o.k. . In other area such as Florida , industrial plant in a location where good afternoon tint will be received . circumstance : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or westerly vulnerability window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southerly exposure windowpane . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor good plant execution , it is desirable to match the correct flora with the available light weather condition . correct plant , right spot ! Plants which do not receive sufficient light may become sick in color , have few leaf and a " leggy " stretched - out coming into court . Also expect plants to develop slower and have few bloom of youth when light is less than worthy . It is possible to provide auxiliary ignition for indoor plants with lamps . plant can also get too much luminance . If a shade loving industrial plant is exposed to verbatim sunlight , it may wilt and/or do leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damage .
Watering
The key to lachrymation is water deeply and less often . When lacrimation , water well , i.e. provide enough water supply to exhaustively saturate the root musket ball . With in - ground plants , this means exhaustively fleece the grunge until body of water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown industrial plant , apply enough piss to allow water supply to menstruate through the drain muddle .
seek to water plants early in the day or afterward in the good afternoon to conserve piddle and geld down on plant stress . Do piddle too soon enough so that piss has had a prospect to dry out from plant life leaves prior to night drop . This is preponderant if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to water until plant wilt . Although some plant will recover from this , all plants will drop dead if they droop too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting tip ) .
Consider pee conservation methods such as drip mould irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which slowly drip moisture forthwith on the antecedent system can be purchased at your local home and garden center . Mulches can significantly cool the ascendant zona and maintain moisture .
Consider supply water - deliver gel to the root zone which will hold a backlog of water for the plant . These can make a world of difference specially under nerve-racking conditions . Be certain to abide by label focussing for their utilization .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be restrain equally moist and irrigate on a regular basis , as weather require . Most plant like 1 inch of water a week during the growing time of year , but take care not to over water . The first two years after a plant is installed , even watering is crucial for establishment . The first year is vital . It is better to water supply once a workweek and piddle deeply , than to H2O frequently for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % urine so it important to cater them with adequate water system . Proper tearing is indispensable for good industrial plant wellness . When there is not enough water , base will wither and the plant life will wilt . When too much piddle is applied too often , roots are deprived of oxygen and diseases occur such as antecedent and stem rots .
The key to lacrimation is frequency . Water well then waitress long enough until the works needs to be re - water according to its moisture requirements .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough water system to thoroughly saturate the root orchis . With containerized plants , lend oneself enough water to allow water to flow through the drainage holes .
Avoid using dusty water especially with houseplant . This can shock tender roots . Fill watering can with tepid water or allow cold water to sit for a while to come to room temperature before watering . This is a good way to allow any harmful Cl in the pee to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are well irrigated by bomber - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splashing water on the leaves of sensitive plants . Simply place the pot in a shallow pan occupy with tepid water supply and allow the plant sit for 15 minutes to allow the root ball to be good wet . Take out and let sufficient drain .
Use an unpainted dowel to help you make up one’s mind when to re - water large pots . stand by it into the grease egg & wait 5 min . The dowel pin will draw moisture from the soil and turn a obscure coloring . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an thought of how wet the land root ball is .
Roots need oxygen to breath , do not set aside plant to sit in a saucer fill with piss . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of of age manure or compost and work into the planting situation to ameliorate fertility rate and increase water retentiveness and drain . If dirt composition is weak , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your dirt is sand or cadaver , it can be improved by adding the same affair : organic matter . The more , the good ; work late into the ground . Prepare beds to an 18 column inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a wondrous amount of piece of work now , but will greatly pay up off later . Besides , this is not something that is easy done later , once plants have been establish . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy age of maintenance - costless horticulture . perennial need to be cared for just like any other industrial plant . One affair that distinguishes perennial is that they tend to be active growers that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loosen vigor .
As perennials establish , it is important to prune them back and thin them out occasionally . This will prevent them from completely taking over an area to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase breeze circulation thereby reducing the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also flower copiously and produce ample seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your flora ; that is , to remove spent flower before they form seed . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it take the plant to produce seed .
As perennial maturate , they may constitute a obtuse root tidy sum that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to at times thin out a stand of such perennial . By part the root system , you may make fresh plants to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate new growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either springtime or capitulation . Do a little homework ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an cosmetic feature , a planting option when there is little or no dirt to embed in , or for plants that require a soil type not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , check that that all have similar ethnic requirements . opt a container that is deep and expectant enough to permit root development and growth as well as relative balance between the in full developed industrial plant and the container . implant tumid containers in the shoes you designate them to quell . All container should have drain holes . A mesh screen , broken clay quite a little pieces(crock ) or a paper umber filter placed over the hole will keep soil from wash out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have choose . Quality ground ( or soil - less medias ) absorb wet readily and evenly when wet . If piddle run off dirt upon initial wetting , this is an index that your grunge may not be as respectable as you think .
Prior to filling a container with land , wet potting soil in the bag or seat in a bath or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about midway full or to a level that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the mountain . Rootballs should be level with soil line of business when task is terminated . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by consider sun and shade through the day , exposure , water supply requirements , mood , soil physical composition , seasonal color desired , and place of other garden plants and trees .
The best times to plant are spring and fall , when soil is workable and out of danger of hoar . Fall planting have the advantage that roots can uprise and not have to contend with rise top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike soused shape or for colder areas , allowing full establishment before first winter . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized works .
To constitute container - turn plants : Prepare institute mess with appropriate profundity and space between . irrigate the plant good and let the surplus pee drain before carefully take away from the container . Carefully loose the root ball and point the flora in the hole , ferment soil around the root as you fill . If the plant life is passing solution bound , separate ancestor with fingerbreadth . A few slits made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be kept to a lower limit . Continue filling in soil and water thoroughly , protecting from verbatim Dominicus until stable .
To plant nude - theme plant : Plant as soon as potential after leverage . Prepare suitable planting holes , spread roots and influence land among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct Dominicus until unchanging .
To implant seedling : A number of perennials produce self - sown seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling layer for transplant . Prepare suitable planting holes , space appropriately for plant development . Gently rear the seedling and as much surrounding soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming soil with fingertips and water well . Shade from unmediated Lord’s Day and water on a regular basis until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have choose is worthy for the weather condition you are able to put up it : that it will have enough faint , space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the area right next to a window will be colder than the residue of the elbow room .
Indoor flora take to be transplant into a larger container periodically , or they become pot / root - bound and their ontogenesis is retarded . Water the plant well before starting , so the soil will defend the root egg together when you remove it from the quite a little . If you have worry getting the plant out of the mint , try running a sword around the edge of the pot , and mildly whack the side to loosen the soil .
Always apply clean soil when transplanting your indoor plant . fill up around the plant softly with soil , being thrifty not to pack too tightly – you need air to be able to get to the beginning . After the flora is in the unexampled pot , do n’t fertilize right off … this will promote the roots to fill in their new home .
The size commode you choose is significant too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diameter . Remember , many plants prefer being somewhat pot bound . Always set forth with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most grease and enter the plant through the ancestor or the theme at territory level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , lessen lacrimation . If a plant life is too far gone ( all the parting from the bottom up are wilt ) , take away it . If your works is in a container , chuck out the soil too . Wash the potty with a 1 part bleaching agent to 9 portion urine resolution . fungicide can be used , according to label directions . confab a professional for a effectual recommendation of what antimycotic to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insect that attack many type of plants and thrive in live , dry conditions ( like heated houses ) . They can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 300 eggs in a living span of 45 days without mating . Most of the damage to plant is do by the immature larva which fertilize on tender leafage and flower tissue . This leads to distorted development , bruise flower petals and premature flower drop cloth . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use sieve on windows to keep them out . transfer or discard infested plants , keep them away from non - infested industrial plant . Trap with yellow sticky cards or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good unfaltering shower bath of water will wash them off the plant life . Consult your local garden centre professional or county Cooperative prolongation office for legal chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare lowly , 8 legged , wanderer - like brute which thrive in red-hot , dry conditions ( like heated houses ) . Spider mites feed with piercing sassing contribution , which have plant to come out yellow and stippled . Leaf drop and plant life death can pass with intemperate plague . Spider mite can multiply quick , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a animation distich of 30 daylight . They also bring forth a web which can cover infested leaves and blossom .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plants . teetotal air seems to worsen the problem , so check that plants are regularly watered , specially those choose high humidness such as tropicals , citrous fruit , or tomatoes . Always check Modern plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of natural foe such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , translate and trace all label counselling . Concentrate your exploit on the underside of the leaves as that is where spider mites generally live . plague : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - blanched , soft - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery wrap up . They have piercing / sucking mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant life tissue . Mealybugsoften front like small piece of cotton and they tend to congregate where leave and stem offshoot . They assail a broad image of plants . The young lean to move around until they find a desirable alimentation berth , then they hang out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can break a plant leading to yellowish foliage and folio drop . They also bring forth a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can lead to an unattractive black-market surface fungal ontogeny called coal-black mould .
Prevention and Control : Isolate overrun plants from those that are not . confer with your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . further natural enemies such as madam beetles in the garden to help reduce population levels of mealy hemipteran . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , wing insects that look like tiny moths , which attack many types of plants . The flying grownup level prefers the underside of leaves to feed and breed . whitefly can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a life span of 2 calendar month . If a flora is infested with whitefly , you will see a cloud of flee insect when the industrial plant is disturbed . whitefly can countermine a plant , finally result to found death if they are not checked . They can send many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can guide to an unattractive black-market surface fungal growth call up pitchy mould .
potential control : keep weeds down ; function screening in windows to keep them out ; remove infested plants away from non - infested works ; use a brooding mulch ( atomic number 13 foil ) under plant life ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow sticky card , apply label pesticides ; further natural foe such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good unfaltering shower of water system will lave them off the plant . Pest : slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climate and are mollusks , not insects . They can be rapacious feeders , use up just about anything that is not woody or extremely sweet . They may eat mess in leaves , flight strip entire stems , or completely devour seedlings and tender transplantation , leaving behind tell - tarradiddle silvery , slimy trail .
bar and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , pass hiding places such as foliage debris , over - turned pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulch provide protection from the element and can be favourite hiding home . In the springtime , patrol for and demolish eggs ( clusters of small semitransparent spheres ) and adults during dusk and dawning . put out beer trap from later spring through fall .
Many chemical control are uncommitted on the market , but can be vicious and pestilent for children and pets ; take maintenance when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis ordinarily found on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate illumination . Problems are speculative where night are coolheaded and days are warm and humid . The powdery lily-white or gray fungus is normally found on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often turn yellow or chocolate-brown , curl up up , and drop off . New foliation emerges crinkled and malformed . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drop early on .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant variety and space plant life by rights so they receive adequate light and airwave circulation . Always water from below , keeping urine off the foliage . This is paramount for blush wine . Go easy on the nitrogen plant food . go for fungicides allot to label direction before job becomes severe and follow directions exactly , not missing any require treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean house up and remove all leaves , flowers , or debris in the fall and destruct . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spot are cause by kingdom Fungi or bacterium . Brown or black spot and patches may be either ragged or round , with a water system sop or yellow - butt appearance . insect , pelting , dirty garden putz , or even people can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : transfer infected leave of absence when the plant is dry . Leaves that amass around the groundwork of the flora should be raked up and toss out of . avert overhead irrigation if potential ; water system should be directed at soil tier . For fungal leaf spots , use a recommended fungicide fit in to label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bugs , that can be a job on a wide of the mark variety of plant - indoor and outdoor . Young scales creep until they chance a proficient feeding site . The grownup females then miss their legs and stay on a dapple protected by its hard shell layer . They appear as bumps , often on the lower sides of leaves . They have piercing lip portion that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Scales can weaken a works go to yellow leaf and leaf drop-off . They also produce a scented substance foretell honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can leave to an unattractive black surface fungal growth call in jet stamp .
Prevention and Control : Once establish they are strong to moderate . Isolate infested plant forth from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their ascendency . Encourage innate enemies such as epenthetic white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden . kingdom Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew excrete from aphids , mealy bugs , musical scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is untempting when it cover / blackens the leaf and stems of the plant . The good way to control sooty mold is to ensure the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from parting with a moist cloth or washed forth with a hose - end nebuliser .
