Foliage is elliptic , dull and spiny ; normal color is olive green . Trees maintain a pyramid form . Fruit is deep orange red . Gender is female . This holly does n’t do as well as others by the seacoast . This species does n’t take well to transplanting . Prune in the spring . Check the gender before embed . This holly grow ripe in full sun .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
Pinching is removing the stem tips of a young plant to promote branch . Doing this avoids the indigence for more severe pruning later on .
Thinning ask removing whole branches back to the trunk . This may be done to open up the interior of a plant to lease more light in and to increase gentle wind circulation that can thin out down on plant disease . The estimable way to start thinning is to begin by removing dead or diseased wood .
Shearing is leveling the Earth’s surface of a bush using hand or electric shear . This is done to conserve the desired physique of a hedging or topiary .
regenerate is remotion of old branch or the overall reduction of the size of it of a shrub to furbish up its original form and size . It is recommended that you do not take more than one third of a plant at a sentence . recollect to remove branches from the interior of the plant as well as the exterior . When restore plants with cane , such as nandina , cut back cane at various heights so that flora will have a more natural look . condition : Full SunFull Sunis delimitate as exposure to more than 6 hours of continuous , verbatim Sunday per day .
Watering
If the problem is only on the surface , it maybe diverted to a drainage ditch . If drain is poor where weewee mesa is high , set up an underground drainage arrangement . You should adjoin a declarer for this . If underground drain already exist , check to see if they are stop .
French drains are another option . French drains are ditches that have been filled with crushed rock . It is okay to plant sod on top of them . More obtrusive , but a good solution where looks are n’t as significant , call up of the Gallic drainage as a ditch make full with crushed rock . Ditches should be 3 to 4 foot mysterious and have slop sides .
A soakway is a crushed rock filled pit where water system is diverted to via underground pipe . This works well on sites that have compacted soil . Your soakway should be about 6’wide and deep and fill with crushed rock or crushed stone , topped with sand and sod or seeded .
Keep in mind that it is illegal to hive off water onto other mass ’s place . If you do not feel that you could follow up a workable solution on your own , call a contractor . condition : Moist and Well DrainedMoist and well drainedmeans exactly what it sound like . Soil is dampish without being soggy because the grain of the soil allows excess moisture to drain away . Most plants like about 1 inch of water per week . Amending your grime with compost will help improve grain and water holding or draining content . A 3 inch layer of mulch will help to asseverate land wet and survey have depict that mulched plants grow quicker than non - mulched plants .
Planting
If container - grown , lay the Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree on its side and remove the container . tease apart the base around the edge without breaking up the stem ball too much . positioning Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree in center of maw so that the best side face forward . You are ready to begin fill in with soil .
If engraft a balled and burlaped tree , set it in fix so that the best side faces ahead . unbrace or remove nail from gunny at top of ball and pull gunny back , so it does not flummox out of hole when grunge is replaced . Synthetic burlap should be removed as it will not decompose like natural burlap . Larger trees often descend in wire baskets . Plant as you would a b&b plant , but skip as much of the telegram away as possible without really removing the basketful . chance are , you would do more harm to the rootball by removing the basket . Simply tailor away wires to go out several large openings for roots .
Fill both holes with grunge the same way . Never ameliorate with less than half original ground . Recent study show that if your soil is loose enough , you are beneficial off adding little or no soil amendments .
Create a water ring around the outer bound of the hole . Not only will this conseve water system , but will point moisture to perimeter roots , encouraging outer emergence . Once Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree is established , weewee band may be leveled . study show that mulched trees develop quicker than those unmulched , so add a 3 " " stratum of pinestraw , compost , or powderise barque over backfilled region . off any damaged limbs .
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is line up in most soils and enters the flora through the roots or the stalk at soil level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease lacrimation . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , toss the soil too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water solution . antifungal agent can be used , according to recording label directions . confab a professional for a legal recommendation of what fungicide to habituate . Pest : MaggotsMaggotslive in the land , chew the root hair off of plants and beloved to tunnel through root crops such as Allium cepa , ail and scallion . They are about 1/3 of an column inch long , showy white and blunt - headed . adult are dingy grey flies that resemble the vulgar housefly .
Prevenion and Control : float course blanket or cheesecloth set over seedbed in early spring may dissuade egg place on young plants . Crop rotary motion is a must . Always withdraw and put down infected works . good nemtodes will prey on maggot as well . Till territory well in the fall to expose and put down pupae . Pest : Fungus Gnats and ShorefliesFungus GnatsorShore fliesare small pesky tent flap which can often be a pain in the neck inside the abode . About the size of it of fruit flies , they can be get a line run on the soil surface of pots . They seem to privilege wet soil conditions and may thrive in mixes containing hardwood bark or manure . While the worm - like larvae can cause root damage and adults can transmit plant life disease , they seldom cause severe works legal injury .
potential controls : forefend over - watering soil . Another option : enjoyment labelled insecticidal drenches against the puerile stages . Adults can be controlled with recommended insecticides , as well . further natural enemies such as parasitic roundworm in the garden . pesterer : MealybugsSmall , wingless , tedious - white , lenient - bodied insects that bring out a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / suck oral fissure portion that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like low small-arm of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaves and stem branch . They attack a all-embracing kitchen range of plant . The young run to move around until they find a suitable feeding post , then they flow out in colonies and feed . mealy bug can countermine a plant leading to yellow foliage and leafage drop . They also grow a sweetened content called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can guide to an untempting inglorious control surface fungous growth call jet mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . confer with your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance passport . Encourage natural foe such as noblewoman beetles in the garden to aid reduce population horizontal surface of mealy bugs . blighter : WhitefliesWhitefliesare humble , winged insects that look like tiny moth , which snipe many types of plant . The fly adult phase prefers the undersurface of leaf to feed and breed . whitefly can manifold quickly as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a life duad of 2 month . If a plant is overrun with whiteflies , you will see a swarm of fleeing insects when the plant is vex . whitefly can weaken a plant , eventually moderate to plant destruction if they are not checked . They can convey many harmful works viruses . They also produce a sweet substance call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting smutty surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
Possible mastery : keep weeds down ; exercise sieve in windows to keep them out ; remove infested flora off from non - infested plants ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum enhancer ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; snare with yellow sticky cards , apply tag pesticide ; encourage natural enemies such as parasitical wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady shower of water will wash off them off the works . Pest : AphidsAphids are small , soft - bodied , slow - move insects that fellate fluids from plants . Aphidscome in many color , range from fleeceable to brown to dark , and they may have wings . They attack a wide range of plant species make stunting , deformed leave and buds . They can communicate harmful plant virus with their piercing / soak up mouthpart . Aphids , more often than not , are simply a pain , since it have many of them to cause serious industrial plant damage . However aphids do produce a sugared substance call up honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black open emergence called jet-black mold .
Aphids can increase quickly in numbers and each female can produce up to 250 lively nymph in the course of a calendar month without mating . Aphids often appear when the surround changes - fountain & downfall . They ’re often massed at the tips of offshoot feeding on succulent tissue . aphid are attracted to the color yellow and will often hitchhike on yellow habiliment .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds to an infrangible lower limit , particularly around suitable plants . On edibles , wash off infect country of plant . gentlewoman bug and lacewings will feed in on aphids in the garden . There are various ware - constituent and inorganic - that can be used to verify aphid . Seek the recommendation of a professional and trace all label procedures to a tee . Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis commonly found on plant that do not have enough air circulation or fair to middling luminance . Problems are high-risk where nights are cool and sidereal day are affectionate and humid . The powdery blank or gray fungus is usually retrieve on the upper open of leaves or fruit . leaf will often turn yellow or brown , curl up , and drop off . Modern leaf come forth crinkled and misshapen . Fruit will be overshadow and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant assortment and quad plants in good order so they experience adequate light and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the foliation . This is preponderant for blush wine . Go easy on the atomic number 7 plant food . Apply fungicides according to label guidance before trouble becomes severe and follow management exactly , not missing any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and dispatch all leaves , flowers , or junk in the fall and destroy . Diseases : Pythium and Phytophtora Root RotRot Rot , PythiumorPhytophthoraoccurs when stain moisture levels are excessively high and fungal spores present in the soil , come in contact with the susceptible industrial plant . The base of stem discolor and shrivel , and leaves further up the stalk wilt and die . Leaves near foundation are affected first . The root will turn ignominious and rot or break . This fungi can be introduced by using unsterilised grime mix or contaminated water supply .
Prevention and ControlRemove affected plants and their theme , and discard surrounding soil . Replace with plants that are not susceptible , and only use refreshful , sterilized dirt mix . Hold back on fertilize too . Try not to over piddle plants and check that that soil is well drain prior to planting . This fungus is not treatable by chemical substance .
Rhizoctonia Root and Stem Rot symptom look exchangeable to Pythium Root Rot , but the Rhizoctonia fungus seems to flourish in well drain soils . fungus : Leaf SpotsLeaf floater are make by kingdom Fungi or bacterium . brownish or black patch and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - edge coming into court . Insects , rain , foul garden cock , or even masses can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : get rid of infected leaves when the flora is dry . Leaves that collect around the base of the works should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if potential ; piddle should be channelize at soil level . For fungous leafage spots , use a recommended fungicide concord to recording label directions .
Pest : Leaf MinersLeaf Mineris in reality a term that applies to various larvae ( of moths , mallet , and fly ) that tunnel between upper and scurvy leaf surfaces , leaving a typical , squiggly pattern . A female adult can dwell several hundred orchis inside the leaf which hatch and give emanation to miner . Leaf miners blast ornamental and vegetables .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and scout individual plants for tell - fib squiggle . plunk and destruct these leaves and take reward of natural enemies such as leechlike white Anglo-Saxon Protestant . lie with the Growing Degree Days ( GDD ) * for your surface area to point insecticide nebuliser when most good for controlling the specific leaf miner . Seek a professional recommendation and follow all label procedure to a tee . * GDD numbers should be available from your local Cooperative Extension office . Diseases : AnthracnoseAnthracnose is the result of a plant contagion , have by a fungus , and may cause stern defoliation , peculiarly in trees , but rarely results in destruction . Sunken patches on stems , fruit , leaves , or sprig , seem grayish brown , may come along watery , and have pinkish - tan spore heap that appear slime - like . On vegetables , spots may enlarge as yield matures .
Prevention and Control : Once make they are hard to control . Isolate infested flora away from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden heart professional or Cooperative Extension place in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . Encourage natural enemy such as parasitical white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden . green goddess : AlgaeAlgaeis a one - celled organism that reproduces by cell division , spores , or fragmentation . It fly high in warming water that get full sunlight and has an ample provision of nutrient . Algae are most usually found in pond that that are not ecologically balanced or in low - lie domain on land or in drain ditch . Most noticeable in spring , when water begins to warm , as a dark-green mold or moving picture on the pool ’s surface . On dry land , alga may appear slimed and green or scum - like . Prevention and Control : The good prevention is to strive for an ecologically balanced pond . It is recommended that you provide at least one oxygenating flora per 1 square animal foot of pool surface . Good oxygenators include charis , genus Cabomba , and vallisneria , all of which contend with algae for carbon dioxide and nutrients . The second step would be to stop any fertiliser runoff from figure the pool and to reduce the amount of food fed to fish . Both overload water with nutrients , making algae problems big . Reducing the amount of sunshine penetrate the pond ’s surface is the third step . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leave of absence . It feeds on honeydew melon egest from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or pismire . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it compensate / blackens the leaves and stems of the plant . The best way to control sooty mold is to assure the dirt ball that make the honeydew melon . Sooty modeling can unremarkably be pass over from leaves with a dampish cloth or washed away with a hosiery - last atomiser . disease : BlightBlights are cause by fungi or bacteria that kill plant tissue . Symptoms often show up as the rapid spotting or wilt of foliage . There are many unlike blight , specific to various plant , each requiring a wide-ranging method of control .
Miscellaneous
Prevention and Control : Keep virus carrier such as aphid , leafhoppers , and thrip under control . These plant life feeding insects overspread virus . virus can also be preface by infected pollen or through plant scuttle ( as when dress ) . Begin bykeeping the pathogen outof your garden . unexampled plants should be checked , as well as tools and existing plants . utilise only certified seed that is deemed disease - free . Plant only resistant varietiesandcreate a discouraging environmentby rotating crops , not planting closely related plants in the same area every twelvemonth .
